Bowhead whale

This predominantly Arctic species is associated with ice floes. Its movement patterns are therefore influenced by the melting and freezing of the ice. The bowhead has suffered from severe over-exploitation that has seen its range shrink considerably since the 17th century.

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VIDEO: Drone footage reveals rarely seen bowhead whales in the Arctic

Rare drone footage of one of Canada’s largest marine mammals is now available, and will help both researchers and the public get a closer look at this magnificent Arctic species.

common names
Bowhead Whale, Greenland Right Whale
scientific name
Balaena mysticetus
status
Least concern, but variation among populations (IUCN)

Threats to bowheads

Industrial development

Bowheads are well known to be very sensitive to acoustic disturbance in the silent depths of the Arctic ocean in which they have evolved. Increased commercial shipping, military activities, and hydrocarbon exploration and development (including seismic projects offshore) present a cocktail of threats.

Climate change

As the rapidly warming Arctic sees thinner and less sea-ice, with longer open water periods in summer, a number of new threats have quickly emerged – more killer whales, and more oil and gas exploration and development, more commercial shipping plans, and more commercial fishing activity.

Past overhunting

Hunted by commercial whalers until the last century for oil, meat, and baleen, bowhead whales are today listed as endangered species in many countries. Some populations are faring better as a result. Native Alaskans and Canadian Inuit are allowed a limited subsistence hunt for bowhead whales from stable populations.

Bowhead tracker

Arctic researchers have attached satellite radio transmitters to a sample of bowheads in order to better understand seasonal movements and habitat use of these whales.

This information can be used to help plan for human activities (like shipping) in these sensitive, quiet Arctic waters – the bowheads' home – and in all decisions regarding the future of Arctic marine systems facing rapid climate and economic change.